Fastening



Nav. 21, 1933. c, v BRADY 1,935,612

y FASTENING Fied Feb; 9, 1931 Patented'nov. 21, 1933 UNITED STATES isaslz FASTENING lharlesV V. Brady, St. Louis, Mo., assigner to I Bemis Bro. Bag Company, St. Louis, Mo., o

corporation ol Missouri Application February 9, 193i. Serial No. 514,359 i Claims. (Cl. 1513-1) This invention relates to fastenings for lined fabric and the like, and with regard to certain :more specic features, to seams for fastening lined fabrics, and adapted to be used more par- 5 ticuiarly in connection with the manufacture o lined begs.

Among the several objects of the invention may be noted the provision of improvements in seems for lined Woven fabric, as disclosed in my lo United States application, Serial Number 443.2%, ilefi April 3, 193i); the provision of e. waterproof seam for lined fabrics which prevents any moisture or dust or the like from entering through the fabric to the inside oi the inner lining; the

lo provision oi' e seam for lined fabric bags which seam presents e smooth interior surface et scifi seam and which prevents the products begged from coming into contact with the outer fabric; the provision of o seam for lin-eci begs, 'which provides for e union Whose strength v:tney be se ried without varying the thickness oi the seem; the provision of e. seam for lined bags einen provides an independent and positive'closnre or each layer or" materiel comprising seid nog; and, the provision of seems for lined bess which rosy se quickly sind economically manufactured.

A(Zither objects will be in part obvious ond in oert4 pointed out hereinafter.

in the accompanying drawing, in which there is illustrates several oi various possible embodiments of the invention, v

Fig. l is e, perspective View ci e. partially folded end lined bag showing the application of the invention thereto, with certain parte leid open for purposes oi description; and,

Fig. 2 is et cross-section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. l, shown diagrammeticelly with certain thicknesses exaggerated for purposes of clarity.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views oi the drawing.

Asexpleined in my Patent No. 1,853,9l3, dated April 5, i932, for Fastening, and.. my copencling application led April 3, i930, Serial No. stylos, the conventional mode ci fastening or seeming edges or" lined Woven fabric comprisesoverlaying two or more loyers of fabric and setvinsr theres `tnrougll e. strand oi some nature such as a. thread,

cord, twine or the like. This method of resten- 59 ing or seemingy has certain disadvantegestvhich arise from severed causes. For example, s bog seem should ice quite strong', but, with 'o prior type of beg having a double or greater thickness r at each seam, end stitching therethrough, the v5, eciency of the connection is only of the order 'functions es s capillary Wick :tor moisture omi of 60 tof per cent; that is, the seem per se has but 60 to 70 per cent of the strength o the'gooxis in which the seem exists. The eciency depends in part upon the number of layers oi? cloth included in the seam, but, because of the increase it@ in bulk, the number of layers o cloth cannot be increased indefinitely. Even the conventional four-thiemess seein is taillis?.f

The reason for the low eiiiciency aboveere ierred to is iouncl ln the ect that stresses applied to the sewed seein are concentrated et the points through which the tlflreezi posses. Thus the strain is greater in the regions around the threads and separetion is likely to occur in suon regions.

The described sepsretionolso leeds to leakage Y@ or sifting through the openings of iinely coimminoteci materiels. Boss for holding such nely comminuted materiels, imelr crushed silice for instance, nove been lineal with poner, en son sive seing used between the poner eno. the i'sbric in certain constructions. Ween ssen e. lieg is served st its seem, the stitching goes through the peper, as Well es through the fabric, and Vthe local concentration or? the stresses not only tweeliens tne seem not stretciiestiie openings through so which the threes casses end cous-ss sitting therethrough, preventing the procurement o the "nest eenling eect iroro the liner. The open ings 'iurtlier permit passage ci moisture to and from the interior oi 'the it ne ondere stood that opening ere present, not sione because oi the stresses, but oscense the needle @motores themselves fom openings, rlisregerelm sussen quent stretching.

The weakness of this iorior served scorn is also due to some extent to the isst tiret tire threads ci' the cloth, from which the loes is mede, bevond the sewed seem do not null. in the seme line with the continuation o 'these tiireeds running around the girth oi theirs Trie threads beyond 55 the seam stond out almost st right ongles to the body ci the nog and when stressed, these threads running orsono the' girth ci the nos 'tend to be broken ofi. Y

smother disadvantage oi using or cord 110@ or the like ior sewing or binding is tiret it neceseerily posses through the i'oicric snel/or paper liner irom insicie to outside and vice' .verse emi the like which is trsnsierrecl elong `the thread end into tire loog, or vice verso. Furthermore, if the substance in the ses contains :any substance injurious to the tnreeds, tne threads themselves may be attacked eno weakened or destroyed.

In. my penning application, Serisl No. '321,264 n@ n is disclosed an improved seam for lined bags which overcomes the disadvantages resulting from stitched seams. The present invention incorporates the improvements there set out (see the drawing herein). It is to be noted, however, that in the improved seam of application, Serial No. 441.264,the outer fabric, where it comes into contact with the inner lined side ofthe bagis exposed to contact-with the contents of the bag, that is, the liner is not fastened to itself but leaves an exposed selvage of fabric. in certain instances such a seam would be relatively unsatisfactory,

as when 'the material bagged is injurious to the fabric or the fabric injurious to the bagged material.` Or, in instances where the outer fabric might be exposed to moisture damage might result from said moisture reaching the inside'of` the bag by capiilary action, through the fabric portion of the seam `terminating inside the bag.

` Referring now more yparticularly to Fig. 1, there is shown at numeral l a lined bag comprising an outer layer 3 andan inner lining 5. The outer layer 3 may be composed of any suitable woven fabric, such as burlap, or the like, but the inner lining 5, whenthe bag is used for bagvging certain dry materials, is composed of, for

instance, papier-mache, or other paper` which will yield without cracking when the bag is folded or otherwise strained. This inner layer 5 is held to the outer layer 3 by means of a waterproof binder such as an asphaltic material 7. It will be appreciated that when thev fabric is thus rendered waterproof and leakproof by the application of the. lining 5 with the binder 7, it is desirable to have the seams of the'bag as tight as the treated fab-ric, or the leakproof eiect will be at least partially lost.

^ The materials 3 and 5 are folded at the edges 9 thereby causing one side 11 of the bag 1 to be continuous and the other side to comprise two portions or panels 13 and 15.

The improved lap joint construction comprises 'a lateral edge or selvage of fabric 3 on panel 13,

said inner lining 5 not extending to the edge of the panel 13. Thus there is left on this lateral edge a. selvage area 17 in which-the under side of the fabric is initially bare, having neither the lining 5 nor the binding material 7.

The juxtaposed edge of the panel 15 comprises a lateral edge 'of lining 5, the fabric 3 not extending to the edge of the lining. In this way the edge of the panel is provided with an area 21 comprising an extending strip of the lining 5 and a layer of the binder 'I applied to the outer surface thereof. Y

As the bag`1 is formed into, its tube shape shown in Fig. 1, the edges of the panels 13 and 15 are overlapped and juxtaposed, and as they come together an adhesive material or cement 23, is applied to the cloth of panel 15 so as to come between it and the fabric edge of the panel 13. The adhesive material or cement comprises preferably latex, processed rubber, gum, asphalt or a like waterproof material or other adhesive capable of developing a seam of sufficient strength. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the cement positions itself along the seam in the form of a layer. This layer faces on one side the woven material of panel 15 against which it is originallyvapplied` and on the other side the woven material of panel 13 and may or may not extend partly overthe edge of the lining5. The liner edge of the panel 15, extending beyond the fabric 3, adheres to the lining 5, as shown at numeral 21, due to the tarry binder.` 7, which is at this time sticky readers As shown in Fig. 2, the edge 4 of thev fabric of the panel 15 may be positioned to lap over the edge of the liner 5 of the panel 13. Itis to be noted, however, that part of the overlapping is faced with cement 23.

By carrying out the 'above described overlapping of the areas of the edges of the liners of panels 13 and 15 a seam is formed which effects a positive closureof the individual layers of the bag independently of each other: Thus communication between the inside of the liner 5 and the inside of the fabric 3 is positively prevented. Hence material in the bag cannot come into contact with any part of the outer fabric layer. The adhesion .of the liner edge at 21 covers the fabric selvage and prevents passage of moisture from the exterior of theY tube to the interior via the fabric selvage.

A Adhesion between the fabric layers as at 23 is particularly effective, because the latex cement surrounds and embeds the upstanding fibers of the woven material 3 and passes into the interstices thereof. Thus, there is eected a substantially homogeneous material at the juncture between fabric and cement. AThe part of the joint which effects best sealing is that wherein the liner 5 ofthe panel 15 is cemented to the liner of the panel 13, by means of the binder 7. This is a positive waterproof seal. However, the cement= ing material between woven fabric faces .also effects a seal. It will be understood that the mass of cement may be carried merely up to the lateral edge of the liner 5 and good results obtained. It will also be understood that a compressing operation is used in juxtaposing the edges of the panels 13, 15, so that in actuality the seam is only slightly thicker than the cloth composing it and thus being thinner than diagrammatically shown in Figa.

It will be seen that the joint comprises ,iuxta posed fabric faces between which the cement is positioned, the liner 5 having its edge away from the edge of fabric 3 so as to permit this. The reason for this construction is that the seam holds with the proper strength between fabric faces, whereas it would not so hold between a paper and a fabric such as would be had if the liner 5 went to the edge of panel 13.

It will be understood that a suitable bottom seam 25 is used on the bag.

An advantage of the present invention lies in the provision of an independent, positive closure of each of the layers. Thus no lint from the woven fabric can reach the material bagged. Furthermore, with no communication possible between the inside of the bag and the fabric 3, there is no danger of the bagged material attacking the fabric. Moreover, moisture cannot be conducted into the bag by way of the fabric.

The smooth interior surface of the seam is another advantage in that there is substantially no possibility of the bagged material working into and opening the seam. There is no edge for the material to work loose, because the interior surface presented is that of a tube of paper tightly adhered along a longitudinal seam.

Itis to be understood that the various terms binder", cement, adhesive, and the like, are used herein as distinguishing regions or locations, and not particular compositions of matter. That is, speaking from the standpoint of composition, the binder, cement, and adhesive may all be the same material, say asphalt, or they may be diil'erent materials, as asphalt and latex. The different words are used to aid in distinguishing the particular regions of application, from the structural standpoint.

In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.

As many changes could be made in carrying out the above constructions without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. A bag having a lap seam comprising a layer of fabric and a liner for said fabric, said liner being attached to said fabric by means of an adhesive, said lap seam including an area of juxtaposed fabric to fabric, an area of juxtaposed liner to Einer, and an area of juxtaposed fabric to liner, cement positioned between said fabric to fabric area, and an adhesive positioned between said 1iner to liner area. v

2. A bag having a lap seam comprising a layer of fabric and a liner for said fabric, said liner being attached to said fabric by means of an adhesive, said lap seam including an area of juxtaposed fabric to fabric, an area of juxtaposed liner to liner, and an area of juxtaposed fabric to liner, cement positioned between said fabric to fabric area, said first-named adhesive extending between said liner to liner area. i

3. A bag having a lap seam comprising a layer of fabric and a liner for said fabric, said liner being attached to said fabric by means of an adhesive, said lap seam including an area of juxtaposed fabric to fabric, an area of juxtaposed liner to liner, and an area of juxtaposed fabric to liner, and cement positioned between said fabric to fabric area, said cement also extending between saidA fabric to liner area, and an adhesive extending between said liner to liner area.

4. A bag having a lap seam comprising a layer of fabric and a liner for said fabric, said liner being attached tosaid fabric by means of an adhesive, said lap seam including an area of juxta-1 posed fabric to fabric, an area of juxtaposed liner to liner, and an area of juxtaposed fabric to liner, and cement positioned between said fabric to fabric area, said cement also extending between said fabric to liner area, said first-named adhesive extending between said liner to liner area.

CHARLES V. BRADY. 

